• All vehicles must conform in all respects to the 1968 Vienna Convention, even if the country in which the machine was manufactured is not a signatory to that Convention, and be registered for road use.
• Each Motorcycle / Quad competitor must carry soft water tank of a “Camelback” type of minimum 3 liter. At each Refuelling, competitors must fill up their Camelbak with water or other hydration drink. The Chief Technical Steward/ Technical Director will have the final decision for the acceptance of the water tank solution and the fixing method. (Plastic bottles or cans cannot be considered as fixed water tank). 
• All motorcycles/quads must carry the necessary survival equipment as requested in the “SURVIVAL EQUIPMENT” section of this document.

1.1.1. DEFINITION OF A FRAME OF A SOLO MOTORCYCLE

The structure or structures used to join any steering mechanism at the front of the machine to the engine/gear box unit and to all components of the rear suspension. 

Every motorcycle in the ‘parc-fermé’ must be equipped with a side-stand. The sidestand must be fitted, either on the frame or on the swing arm. 

1.1.2. STARTING DEVICES 

Starting devices for the engine are compulsory.

1.1.3. OPEN TRANSMISSION GUARDS

1. A guard must be fitted to the countershaft sprocket.
2. A chain guard must be fitted in such a way to prevent trapping between the lower chain run and the final driven sprocket at the rear wheel.

1.1.4. EXHAUST PIPES

Exhaust pipes and silencers must fulfil requirements concerning sound control.

1. Production bikes should carry production or CE road legal exhaust.
2. The axis of the silencer end must be parallel (tolerance 15°) to the two principal longitudinal planes of the vehicle. The extremity of the silencer must not pass the vertical tangent of the rear tyre. 
3. The edge of the silencer shall not be dangerous in case of accidental contact with the riders or helpers. In case of quads, the exhaust pipe of the silencer must be protected by a rounded edge of minimum 4 mm.
4. Exhaust fumes must be discharged towards the rear but not in such a manner as to raise dust, foul the tyres or brakes, or inconvenience the passenger (in the case of sidecars), or any other rider.
5. On a Sidecar machine the exhaust must discharge horizontally and towards the rear, at a maximum angle of 30° to the axis of the machine.
6. Any NON-ORIGINAL valve systems installed on the exhaust system with a view to influencing (or modifying) the sound level meter test is forbidden. Only exhaust valve systems (e.g. Exup) provided by the manufacturer on the manifold are authorised. The setting is free.

1.1.5. HANDLEBARS

1. The width of handlebars must be not less than 600 mm and not more than 850 mm.
2. The handlebars must be equipped with a protection pad on the cross bar. Handlebars without a cross member must be equipped with a protection pad located in the middle of the handlebars, covering widely the handlebars clamps.
3. Handlebar clamps must be very carefully radiused and engineered so as to avoid any fracture points in the handlebar.
4. Exposed handlebar ends must be plugged with a solid material or rubber covered.
5. When hand protectors are used, these must be made of a shatter-resistant material and have a permanent opening for the hand.
6. Handlebars made of carbon, kevlar,  carbon/kevlar or other composite materials are not authorised.
7. Repair by welding of light alloy handlebars is prohibited.
8. Solid stops (when on full-lock, other than steering dampers) must be fitted. These must ensure a minimum clearance of 30 mm between the handlebar with levers and the tank to prevent trapping the rider’s fingers.

1.1.6. CONTROL LEVERS

1. All handlebar levers (clutch, brake, etc.) must be in principle ball ended (diameter of this ball to be at least 16 mm). This ball can also be flattened, but in any case the edges must be rounded (minimum thickness of this flattened part 14 mm). These ends must be permanently fixed and form an integral part of the lever. If the gear lever consists of a tube, then its edge must be rounded.
2. Each control lever (hand and foot levers) must be mounted on an independent pivot.
3. The brake lever if pivoted on the footrest axis must work under all circumstances, such as the footrest being bent or deformed.

1.1.7. THROTTLE CONTROLS

1. Throttle controls must be self-closing when not held by the hand. All air intakes into the cylinder must pass through the throttle body. No other means allowing ambient air into the inlet track of the cylinder head are allowed.
2. Solo motorcycles must be equipped with a functional ignition kill switch or button mounted on either right or left side of handlebar (within reach of the hand while on the hand grips), that cut the power to the engine.
3. Quads must be equipped with a safety ignition cut-out switch which must be permanently attached to the rider right wrist by a non-elastic, spiral cable, as short as possible.

1.1.8. FOOTRESTS

Footrests must be solidly fixed or of a folding type but in this case must be fitted with a device which automatically returns them to the normal position, and an integral protection is to be provided at the end of the footrest which must have at least 8 mm radius. The footrest teeth shall not be sharp. The height of the footrest teeth must be 10 mm maximum.

1.1.9. BRAKES

All vehicles must have at least 2 efficient brakes (one on each end, front and rear) operated independently and operating concentrically with the wheel.

1.1.10. MUDGUARDS AND WHEEL PROTECTION

Motorcycles must be fitted with mudguards.

1. 1. Mudguards must project laterally beyond the tyre on each side.
   2. The front mudguard must cover at least 100° of the circumference of the wheel. The angle formed by one line drawn from the front edge of the mudguard to the centre of the wheel and one drawn horizontally through the centre of the wheel must be between 45° and 60°.
   3. The rear mudguard must cover at least 120° of the circumference of the wheel. The angle formed by two lines, one drawn from the rear edge of the mudguard to the centre of the wheel and one drawn horizontally through the centre of the wheel shall not exceed 20°. The angle (20° max.) for the rear mudguard shall be measured with the rider sitting on the motorcycle. 

1.1.11. STREAMLINING

Radiator covers (shields) must be made of flexible materials only (e.g. plastics).

1.1.12. WHEELS, RIMS, AND TYRES

1. Any modification to the rim or spokes of an integral wheel (cast, moulded, riveted) as supplied by the manufacturer (other than for rims with spokes, or valve and security bolts) is prohibited, except for tyre retention screws sometimes used to prevent the tyre movement relative to the rim. If the rim is modified for these purposes, bolts, screws, etc., must be fitted.
2. The front and rear tyre dimensions are free with reference to diameter and width.
3. Tyres with metal studs, spikes, chains or any other anti-skid devices are not permitted. Scoop or paddle tyres (continuous radial rib) are forbidden.
4. Tires do not have to be FIM approved!
5. Only tyres normally available from commercial or retail sources are authorised.
   
   Modifying the tyre is not authorised. It is forbidden to treat tyres with chemicals, cut or groove them, use tyre warmers or any other means which may alter the shape, minimum Shore hardness, construction or other characteristics.
   
   The tyres shall appear on the tyre manufacturers range catalogue or tyre specification lists available to the general public. They shall be approved according to UN Vehicle Regulation 75 Rev. 2 (2010) with the following specific features:
   – Category of use (5.2): it shall be “snow” or “special” or “All terrain”.
   – Speed category symbol (5.4): M (130 Km/h) or above.
   – Load capacity index (5.5): 45 (165 Kg) or above. 
   It is recommended that the tyres be used according to the European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation (ETRTO) guidelines.
   
   The E approval mark and number as defined by the UN Vehicle Regulation R75 must be present on both the front and rear tyre sidewalls. The DOT approval mark is also accepted.
   
   
6. The tread pattern specifications of the rear tyre are free. However, Art. 5. applies in full.

1.1.13. LIGHTING, WARNING EQUIPMENT AND SPEEDOMETERS

1. Motorcycles and their equipment must comply with the national legal requirements for road traffic of the country in which the vehicle is registered and with other rules specified in the Supplementary Regulations. 
2. The electric generator must operate continuously and normally with respect to current and voltage requirements to run front and rear lights during the competition and at post competition control. The electrical connections must be retained. 
3. Lighting equipment for all categories must conform in every way to the International Convention on road traffic, moreover the original headlights and rear lights may be modified or replaced. Extra lights may be added
4. Each motorcycle/quad must be equipped with at least:
   • A front light (min 55 watts or equivalent in ‘lumen’).
   • A Rear / Break light
   • A generator with a required performance to support all requirements.
   • An audible horn, minimum 90 dB/A, measured at one metre.
   • Minimum one rear view mirror.

1.1.14. FUEL AND LUBRICANT 

All vehicles must be fuelled with

• unleaded fuel (from public pump station or race type) OR 30
• a mixture of unleaded fuels OR
• a mixture of unleaded fuel(s) and lubricant in the case of 2-stroke engines.

The unleaded fuel or the mixture of unleaded fuels used must comply with the FIM Cross Country Rallies Technical Rules specifications as set out in Art. 63.01.

The mixture of unleaded fuel(s) and lubricant must comply with the FIM Cross Country Rallies Technical Rules specifications as set out in Art. 63.02.

1.1.15. Frame and ancillaries

The main frame must be marked with the original Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). The frame number (VIN) must remain visible at all times.

The frame shall not be replaced during the event. The frame may be repaired under the supervision of the Technical Steward.

1.2.1. NUMBER PLATES

Number plates are required.

The Organiser will provide each rider with a set of identification plates comprising 1 front plate and 2 side plates called number plates.  They shall in no circumstances cover, throughout the duration of the event, even partly, the registration number of the motorcycle. 

1.2.2. Fuel tank(s)

The total fuel capacity carried in all tanks is 35 litres maximum.

1.2.3. Vehicle Weight

Unrestricted.

1.2.4. Engine

The engine number must remain visible at all times.

Engine preparation is free.

During the event, an “engine change” means removing the engine from the frame. Engine “A”, originally fitted in the frame of the bike can be removed from the frame to be repaired and be replaced by engine “B”. Engine “A” may be repaired during the Event on condition that the engine crankcase marked during the preliminary technical inspection remains the same.

Repairs to the engine’s “top end” (cylinder + cylinder head) are free during the event. All intervention to the “bottom-end” (inside the crankcases) will be considered as a change of engine.

The engine may be removed from the frame to repair a problem not related to the crankcase. This may be done only under the supervision of the Technical Steward. The Technical Steward only can cut and replace the seals without being penalised.

These vehicles shall be registered (allowed to be used on roads open to traffic).

Top speed is limited to 130km/h

Quads are set in two Groups :

• Group G/ Quad Racers: propelled by the action of two wheels (2 wheel driven).
  
  Engine must be produced in a series and available on the market. Cylinder, cylinder head may be modified, with the exception of the crankcase, but must fulfil the FIM Technical Rules for Cross-Country Rallies Quads category.
  
  The chassis is free (in design), material: steel
• Group H/ Quad Racers: propelled by the action of four wheels (4 wheel driven).
  
  The engine minimum production quantities for engines shall be: 200 units* *The minimum required production quantities refer to units with identical equipment.

1.3.1. Engine

The engine must be produced from a recognised manufacturer. The engine number (stamped on the crankcase) must remain visible at all times. The following engine specifications and components may be altered from the original model:

• Cylinder head: Intake and exhaust tracts surfaces may be polished. No addition of material is allowed. The gasket is free and compression ratio can be modified.
• Camshafts and camshaft sprockets are free. Valve springs can be replaced but titanium springs are forbidden.
• Pistons, pistons rings, pins and clips: may be altered or replaced from those fitted to the engine.
• Exhaust system: Exhaust pipes and silencers may be altered or replaced.
• Clutch may be altered or modified.
• Radiator and/or oil cooler may be altered or replaced, additional radiators and oil cooler may be added.
• Oil pumps and oil liners may be altered or replaced. Oil lines containing positive pressure, if replaced, must be of metal reinforced construction with swaged or treaded connectors.
• Oil tanks may be added or modified.
• Air filter may be altered or replaced.
• Fuel pump may be modified or replaced.
• Ignition / Engine Control System (ECU), hardware and software may be modified or changed.
• Generator, alternator, electric starter may be modified or replaced.
• Secondary transmission is free.

During the event, an ‘engine change’ means removing the engine from the frame. Engine ‘A’ originally fitted in the frame of the bike can be removed from the frame to be repaired and be replaced by engine ‘B’ Engine ‘A’ may be repaired during the event on the condition that the engine crankcase(s) marked during the preliminary technical inspection remain(s) the same.

Repairs to the engine’s ‘top end’ (cylinder + cylinder head) are free during the event. All intervention to the ‘bottom-end’ (inside the crankcases) will be considered as a change of engine.

The engine may be removed from the frame to repair a problem not related to the crankcase. This intervention may be done only after formal request and under the supervision of the Technical Steward. Only the Technical Steward can cut and replace the seals without the participant being penalised.

1.3.2. Steering

The machine can operate on the front wheels only.

1.3.3. Chassis and ancillaries

Shock absorbers and associated springs are free.

Wheelbase, front and rear track are free but the overall width is defined by FIM Cross Country Rallies Technical Rules.

The main chassis must be marked with the original Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). The frame number (VIN) must remain visible at all times.

The chassis shall not be replaced during the event. The frame may be repaired under the supervision of the Technical Steward.

For Group H only:
The main chassis may only be altered by addition of material, no material can be removed (except original engine fixing points if an alternative unit is installed).

The position on the chassis of steering pipe, swing arm, suspension linkage mounting points must remain as in the production Quad.

The rear sub-frame can be modified, but the type of material must remain as in the production model and the weight cannot be lower.

Fairing and body can be modified or replaced.

Seat may be modified or replaced.

Battery may be changed but the nominal energy must be equal or higher than the original one.

Footrests and foot controls may be modified or replaced.

1.3.4. Number plates

Four number plates are required:
• 1 plate fixed to the front of the machine at the level of the head lamp, facing forward.
• 1 double-side rear plate made of flexible material set on the safety bar placed behind the saddle of the quad.

1.3.5. Suspensions

All the mountings of the front and rear suspension units, suspension arms and the steering spindle are retained by a safety wire or a splitpen.

For Group H only:
Steering linkages and suspension arms may be modified or replaced. The Jury may require demonstrating that the new parts present equivalent or higher mechanical properties to the original ones.

1.3.6. Brakes, wheels and rims

Disc brakes, callipers and associated pipes can be changed.

The rear wheel rim diameter cannot exceed 12 inches in Group G and 15 inches in Group H. Wire spokes are not authorised.

Every front wheel must have a single, functional brake installed on each axle and be operated by a handlebar mounted lever.

At the rear, the vehicle must have a brake on each wheel or a brake installed jointly on the rear wheel axle, operated either by a lever on the handlebar or by a foot pedal.

Wheels may be replaced but not modified. Magnesium alloys and carbon-reinforced wheels are forbidden.

1.3.7. Mudguards

The front and rear wheels must be covered by mudguards made of flexible materials, covering each wheel over an area of minimum 30 degrees.

1.3.8. Fuel tank(s)

Supplementary fuel tanks are allowed but must be at least 25 mm (1 inch) away with relation to the edges of the protective barrier.

The maximum fuel tank capacity (counting all tanks) is 45 litres.

Original fuel tanks can be modified or replaced but the fixing points on the chassis and the fixing system must be as in the original model. Supplementary fuel tanks are allowed.

1.3.9. Protection

The secondary chain transmission must be equipped with a cover/shield protecting both the chain sprocket and the brake disc.

A compulsory countershaft sprocket guard must cover the sprocket by 30% minimum and prevent the rider’s hand/foot becoming trapped.

The complete length of the lower chain run must be shielded by a guard or a protection tube, securely fixed.

A crash ‘bar’ or ‘guard’ must be fixed at the front and the rear of the vehicle.

A protective barrier (or ‘guard’) of a round profile (minimum diameter: 25 mm or 1 inch) must be installed on each side of the vehicle. This protective barrier must be fitted in such a way that it is in alignment with the wheels to eliminate entanglement. There shall be no prominent (sharp) parts.

A structure of crossed belts or a metallic grid must be fitted to fill the opening between the wheels and the barrier, to prevent the riders’ foot from accidentally touching the ground.

The organization cannot be held liable for any injuries that a rider or passenger may sustain from the use of a specific item of equipment or protective clothing.

1.4.1. Clothing and protectors

It is compulsory that riders/passengers wear back and chest protectors. It is recommended that riders wear limb joint protectors.

It is compulsory that all protective devices are clearly marked with the relative norms and comply with the following standards:

• EN 1621-1:2012, Level 2, for shoulders, elbows, hips and knees
• EN 1621-2:2014, Level 1 or 2, for the back: CB (Central Back) and FB (Full Back)
• EN 1621-3:2018, Level 1 or 2, for the chest

Repaired overalls are acceptable provided that the repair guarantees protection to the same standard as the original garment. The Chief Technical Steward has the right to refuse any temporary repairs which are not deemed to provide the same protection as the original garment.
During the scrutineering, the competitor using airbag protective equipment must present his spare cartridges and have them marked by the technical officials: 2 sets of replacement cartridges for stage and 4 sets for Marathon stage.

1.4.2. Eye protection

1. Riders/passengers shall wear goggles. The use of glasses, helmet visors and “roll offs” is also permitted.
2. The use of “tear offs” is forbidden for environmental reasons.
3. The material used for glasses, goggles and visors must be made of shatter-proof material.
4. Helmet visors must not be an integral part of the helmet.
5. Eye protectors which cause visual disturbance (e.g. scratched) must not be used.

1.4.3. WEARING OF HELMETS

• It is compulsory for all participants taking part in practice and races to wear a protective helmet. The helmet must be properly fastened, be of a good fit, and be in good condition. The helmet must have a chin strap type ‘retention system’.
• A protective lower face cover must be present and must be not detachable and not moveable.
• Helmets constructed with an outer shell made of more than one piece are not permitted (e.g. they must not contain any seam).
• A retention system with a strap and the double D ring closing system is recommended.
• All helmets must be marked with one of the official international standard marks.

Failure to observe the above rules will entail exclusion.

1.4.4. HELMET OPERATIVE INSTRUCTIONS

1. Scrutineers, under the supervision of the Chief Technical Steward, may check prior to practice and the races that all helmets meet the technical requirements.
2. If a helmet does not meet the technical requirements or is found to be defective, the Technical Steward will clearly mark in red (e.g. with a red dot) all international marks without destroying them and retain the helmet until the end of the event. The rider must submit another helmet for approval by the Technical Steward. After an accident involving impact, the helmet must be presented to the Technical Steward for examination.
3. All helmets must be intact and no alteration must have been made to their construction. After an accident involving a shock or impact, the helmet must be presented to the Technical Steward for examination.
4. The Chief Technical Steward and/or the Technical Steward may perform the following checks before the rider is permitted to take part in practice of the race:
   1. That the helmet fits well on the rider’s head.
   2. That it is not possible to slip the retention system over the chin, when fully fastened.
   3. That it is not possible to pull the helmet over the rider’s head by pulling it from the back of the helmet.

1.4.5. RECOGNISED HELMET APPROVAL MARKS

Helmets must conform to one of the recognised international standards:

1. 1. EUROPE ECE 22-05 or ECE 22-06 (only “P” type)
   2. JAPAN JIS T 8133:2015 (only “Type 2 Full face”)
   3. USA SNELL M 2015 or SNELL M 2020D or SNELL M 2020R 

1.5.1. Preparation

• The reasons for scrutineering: SAFETY AND FAIRNESS.
• Before the START of the competition, a closed and guarded area (closed parc/parc-fermé) will be prepared.
• Inspection will take place under cover with a large enough area.
• Inspection area will be supplied with the necessary equipment, including tables, chairs, electric light and power outlet. 

1.5.2. Verifications

The Sound control will be carried out first. The Sound level will be recorded in the technical card. The exhaust silencer will be marked with paint or sticker.

A List of verifications that will be performed:

• Make + model
• Sound
• Cut-off switch
• Self-closing throttle
• Lights (front, rear, brake)
• Race fuel certificate (if applicable)
• Vehicle identification plate/chassis number
• Crankcase
• Registration plate + insurance (green card)
• Fuel tank
• Silencer
• Carburettor
• Guard for the countershaft sprocket and rear sprocket
• Handlebar ends + protection + levers
• Side stand
• Tyres
• Helmet(s) + national colors
• Protective clothing
  
  

1. An overall inspection of the motorcycle will be carried out in conformity with the FIM rules. On accepted motorcycles a sticker or paint will be applied on the front of the main frame.
2. The Technical Verifications will only be carried out when the Technical Verifications form of the motorcycle has been presented by the rider or his mechanic.
3. The fuel tank shall contain a minimum amount of fuel for the sound control.
4. At the arrival, at the end of the competition, all the marked parts on the motorcycles will be controlled. After control, the machines will be placed in a closed park for 30 minutes after arrival of the last rider from the class concerned, in case a protest is lodged or further examination is required.
5. If a motorcycle or a part of a motorcycle has to be verified and completely dismantled, the motorcycle, the part or the group of parts will be sealed and shipped to a place where the required tools are present for a disassembly. The Clerk of the Course/ Race Director must take the decision for this operation.
6. The disassembly and the verification of the motorcycle or the parts in question must take place in the presence of the Technical Steward, appointed to the event.
7. The Organiser will pay the costs for the transportation and for the verification 
8. If a disassembly is required and ordered by the Clerk of the Course/ Race Director, following a protest the losing party will incur all the transportation and verification costs, or a part of these costs fixed by the Clerk of the Course/ Race Director.

1.5.3. Rider and/or mechanic

• The rider and/or the mechanic and/or the Team Manager must attend at least once the Technical Verifications with the (rider’s) machine within the time limits stated in the Supplementary Regulations.
• On request of the technical steward, the rider must present themselves to the Technical Verifications.
• The maximum number of persons present at the technical verifications will be the rider and/or the mechanic and/or the Team Manager.
• A rider remains at all times responsible that his machine and his personal protective gear are in conformity with the FIM Cross-country rallies Technical Rules.
• The rider and/or the mechanic and/or the Team Manager must present a clean motorcycle in conformity to the FIM Cross-country rallies Technical Rules and a duly filled in and confirmed Technical Verification form.
• A rider and/or the mechanic and/or the Team Manager must present one motorcycle only.
• The rider and/or the mechanic and/or the Team Manager must present the rider’s protective wear (equipment), e.g. helmet and clothing.
• Riders/mechanics/Team Managers must confirm their agreement by signing the register. The motorcycles will then be placed in a closed park.
• Competitors must retrieve their machines within 30 minutes after the opening of the closed park area, except for the machines that are chosen for disassembly. After this time limit, the closed park officials will no longer be responsible for the machines left behind.
• Any rider failing to report as required by the provisions below may be excluded from the meeting.
• The Clerk of the Course/ Race Director may prohibit any person who does not comply with the rules, or any rider who could be a danger to other participants or to spectators, from taking part in the competitions.

SSV (Side-by-Side Vehicle) are motor vehicles propelled by a single thermal engine, four wheels, two- or four-wheel driven (designated 4X2 or 4X4), produced in series, (minimum 100 units), equipped with a steering system and a steering wheel, controlled by the rider. The seat of the driver and the passenger are positioned ‘side-by- side’.

SSV’s must be originally designed for 1-, 2- or 4- passengers and fitted with all the equipment required in the international convention on public road circulation. These vehicles must have a circulation insurance and a registration plate approved by the local Institute of Mobility and Transport as a quadricycle, T1, T2, T3, or equivalent entity in the case of vehicles registered abroad.

Original part(s): A part which has undergone all the stages of production foreseen and carried out by the manufacturer of the vehicle concerned, and originally fitted on the production vehicle.

2.2.1.Fuel tanks

Any tank containing oil or fuel must be situated in the main structure of the vehicle.

The fuel tank must be the original of the vehicle or homologated for competition according to an International Standard for Motorsport Safety.

If the OEM fuel tank is kept, no changes are necessary. If an additional tank is mounted that tank must comply with these regulations.

1. Number of fuel tanks
   Maximum number of fuel tanks: 2

2. Fuel tanks capacity
   Maximum combined capacity of the fuel tanks is 90 litres

3. Fuel tanks shielding
   All vehicles must have shielding (6 mm. minimum thickness for aluminium alloy plate or 3 mm. minimum thickness for steel plate) fitted directly onto the chassis underneath any part of the tank(s) situated less than 200 mm above the plane defined by the lower face of the lowest tubes of the chassis that are situated within the vertical projection of the fuel tank(s).

4. Fuel tanks housing
   The soft tanks must be contained in a leak-proof housing securely attached to the chassis/safety cage, the minimum specifications of which are as follows:

   • Sandwich construction “Glass Reinforced Plastic + Kevlar or Carbon + Kevlar with an intermediate layer of absorbent material” with a minimum wall thickness of 10 mm
   • Aluminium alloy with a minimum wall thickness of 3 mm except for the areas for mounting to the chassis.
   
   A leak-proof cover, made from non-flammable material, easily accessible and removable only with the use of tools, must be installed in the protection for tanks, in order to allow the checking of the validity expiry date.
   
   No part of this housing may be situated less than 40 mm above the lower face of the lowest tubes of the chassis that are situated within the vertical projection of the fuel tank.
   
   The housing must not be:
   • Longitudinally less than 800 mm rearward of the front axle centreline, 
   • Transversally less than 50 mm (inwards) from the outer part of the main rollbar feet 
   • Vertically less than 200 mm from any point of the upper part of the main rollbar.
     
     
5. Fuel tanks position
   • Parts ahead of the back of the seats must be situated below the mounting points of the seats to the chassis.
   • Any fuel tank must be situated inside the main structure of the vehicle.
   • If the OEM fuel tank is maintained, its original location must be kept.
     
     
6. Fuel tanks filler hole
   The fuel tank filler hole must be situated outside the cockpit.
   
   
7. Fuel tanks outlet
   The outlet of the fuel tank breather and hose must be kept away from hot areas. A safety valve must be installed (and remain visible during all the technical scrutineering procedure(s); it must close automatically by gravity in case of a rollover.
   
   The breather hose should be raised to near the upper limit of the chassis and again directed downwards.
   
   
8. Fuel lines
   Fuel hoses must be resistant to fuel and must have a minimum burst pressure of 10 bars at the minimum operating temperature of 80°C. All fuel lines which feed (or return from) the engine are recommended to be equipped with automatic fuel shut-off valves, positioned directly next to the fuel tank and shall automatically close all pipelines under pressure in the event of a rupture or loss.
   
   
9. Fuel cooling
   The fitting of fuel coolers is authorised on the return circuit to the tank.

2.2.2. Materials

Unless explicitly authorised by the present regulations, the use of the following materials is prohibited unless it corresponds exactly to the material used in the same components of the production vehicle:

• Titanium alloy
• Magnesium alloy
• Ceramics
• Composite

2.2.3. Registration plate

The original registration plate must be securely fitted to the rear of the vehicle. It must always be visible and with its own lighting. The sharp edges must be covered to prevent injuries.

2.2.4. Screws, nuts and bolts

Unless otherwise stated, all threaded fasteners must be manufactured from iron-based alloys or aluminium-based alloys.

2.2.5. Engine Specifications

• Maximum CC: 1200
• Maximum speed: 130 km/h
• Minimum weight: 400 kg.
• Maximum overall lenght: 4550 mm
• Maximum width of the bodywork: 2600 mm without the rearview mirors

2.2.6. CHASIS

1. Chassis
   Only tubular chassis in iron-based alloys are authorised.

2. Standard components
   The position of the following components must remain unchanged (unless otherwise specified) in relation to the standard vehicle:

   • Mounting points of the suspension and shock absorber components 
   • Engine and its supports 
   • Transmission parts (gearbox / differentials …)
   • Steering rack
   • Pedal box 
   All these components must be interchangeable (without modification) with those of the standard vehicle.

2.2.7. SAFETY CAGE

The fitting of a safety cage is compulsory. The safety cage must be homologated according to an International Standard for Motorsport Safety with an homologation paper and/or identification plate. The safety cage must comply with FIM OFF-ROAD ADDITIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION.

1. Around safety cage
   Inside the cockpit, the passage of the following elements between the side members of the body panel and the safety cage are forbidden:

   • Electric cables
   • Lines carrying fluids (except for drinking water and windscreen washer fluid)
   • Lines of the fire extinguishing system.
   Members may enter into the occupant’s space by passing over the dashboard and trimming.
   
   

2. Safety cage protect padding
   All tubes of the cage and all roof reinforcements must be fitted with paddings approved for competition. Each padding must be fixed in such a way that it is not moveable from the tube and must be located everywhere the helmet can touch the cage.

2.2.8. Driver/Co-driver back protection

The occupants’ seats must be shielded by a protective panel, positioned directly behind the driver and passenger’s seats. The protective panel must be rigidly fixed by welding or by bolts to the main roll-bar of the safety cage. This protective panel must withstand fire, made from steel or an aluminium alloy (minimum thickness 2 mm. This portion must cover the whole height and the whole width of the safety cage. Holes are permitted only to put safety equipment’s (harnesses).

2.2.9. SEATS

All the occupants’ seats must be homologated according to an International Standard for Motorsport Safety.

1. Seat attachments 
   Each seat must be attached to the chassis via at least 4 supports, 2 at the front and 2 at the rear of the seat.

   Supports must be attached to the seat and the chassis using bolts with a minimum diameter of 8 mm (quality 8.8 or higher) and counter plates. The seats must have reinforcement at the locations of the fixation.
   
   The minimum thickness of the supports and counter plates is 3 mm for steel and 5 mm for light alloy materials. The minimum longitudinal dimension of each support is 6 cm.
   
   The minimum area of contact between support, shell/chassis and counter plate is 40 cm2 for each mounting point.
   
   Each mounting point must be capable of withstanding a force of 15000 [N] applied in any direction. If quick release systems are used, they must be capable of withstanding vertical and horizontal forces of 18’000 [N], applied non-simultaneously. 

2.2.10. SEAT HARNESSES

It is compulsory to use seat harnesses homologated according to an International Standard for Motorsport Safety for each occupant.

It is not allowed to mix parts of harnesses. Only complete sets, of proprietary manufacture, may be used.

The harnesses must be replaced after every severe collision, and whenever the webbing is cut, frayed or weakened due to the actions of chemicals or sunlight.

Elastic devices attached to the shoulder straps are forbidden.

Any harness which does not function perfectly must be replaced.

A safety harness must be used in its homologation configuration without any modifications or removal of parts, and in conformity with the manufacturer’s instructions.

1. Seat harnesses anchored points

   It is prohibited for the safety harnesses to be anchored to the seats or their supports. The anchorage points of the series vehicle can be used.
   
   If the installation on the series anchorage points is impossible, new anchorage points must be installed on the chassis, a separate one for each strap the furthest rearward as possible for the shoulder straps.
   
   Care must be taken that the straps cannot be damaged through chafing against sharp edges.
   
   In the downwards direction, the shoulder straps must be directed towards the rear, and must be installed in such a way that they do not make an angle of more than 45° to the horizontal from the upper rim of the backrest, although it is recommended that this angle does not exceed 10°.
   
   The maximum angles in relation to the centreline of the seat are 20° divergent or convergent (measurement in horizontal projection).
   
   Anchorage points creating a higher angle to the horizontal must not be used.
   
   If mounting on the series anchorages is impossible, the shoulder straps may be fixed or leaning on a rear transverse tube fixed to the cage or to the top anchorage points of the front belts.
   
   The shoulder straps may also be fixed to the safety cage or to a reinforcement bar by means of a loop, and may also be fixed to the top anchorage points of the rear belts, or be fixed or leaning on a transverse reinforcement welded between the backstays of the cage or on transverse tubular reinforcements. In this case, the use of a transverse reinforcement is subject to the following conditions:
   • The transverse reinforcement must be a tube measuring at least 38 mm x 2.5 mm or 40 mm x 2 mm, made from cold drawn seamless carbon steel, with a minimum tensile strength of 350 N/mm2
   • The height of this reinforcement must be such that the shoulder straps, towards the rear, are directed downwards with an angle of between 10° and 45° to the horizontal from the rim of the backrest, an angle of 10° being recommended.
   • The lap and crotch straps must not pass over the sides of the seat but through the seat, in order to wrap and hold the pelvic region over the greatest possible surface.
   • The lap straps must fit tightly in the bend between the pelvic crest and the upper thigh. Under no conditions must they be worn over the region of the abdomen •The straps may be attached by looping or by screws, but in the latter case an insert must be welded for each mounting point.
   These inserts must be positioned in the reinforcement tube and the straps must attached to them using bolts of M12 8.8 (ISO standard, minimum) or 7/16 UNF specification.
   
   Each anchorage point must be able to withstand a load of 1470 daN, or 720 daN for the crotch straps.
   In the case of one anchorage point for two straps (prohibited for shoulder straps), the load considered must be equal to the sum of the required loads.
   
   For each new anchorage point created, a steel reinforcement plate with a surface area of at least 40 cm2 and a thickness of at least 3 mm must be used.
   
   The effectiveness and longevity of safety harnesses are directly related to the manner in which they are installed, used and maintained.
   
   They must also be replaced if metal parts or buckles are bent, deformed or rusted.

2. Seat harnesses release

   Two belt cutters must always be carried on board (identified with a sign). They must be easily accessible for the driver and co-driver when seated with their harnesses fastened.
   
   Furthermore, it is recommended that for competitions which include public road sections, the harnesses be equipped with push-button release systems.
   
   

2.2.11. BODYPANEL

The vehicle must be fitted with its original body panel. The only modification allowed are the one requested by this regulation, when safety items are added for example.

A protective shield, installed on the top of the safety cage is compulsory, minimum thickness shall be of minimum 2 mm if it is made of steel or aluminium alloy.

A protective panel must be installed in front of the occupants’ feet, on both sides of the SSV. This protection panel must be made of steel or aluminium with a minimum thickness of 2 mm. This panel must be attached to the chassis’ tubes of the chassis.

All parts of the body panel must be carefully and fully finished, with no temporary or makeshift parts and no sharp edges.

No mechanical component may be visible from above with the exception of shock absorbers, suspension arms, transversal driveshaft’s, radiators, fans, wheels and spare wheels, including their anchorage points and attachments.

All parts having an aerodynamic influence and all parts of the body panel must be secured rigid to the completely sprung part of the vehicle (chassis/body unit); they must not have any degree of freedom, must be securely fixed and must remain immobile in relation to this part when the vehicle is in motion, with exception of the driver’s and/or co-driver’s ventilation sliders / scoops.

2.2.12. Exterior

The maximum overall length is 4550 mm without spare wheels.

The maximum width the vehicle with of the body panel is 2600 mm without rear view mirrors and/or spare wheels.

A windscreen is optional. If a windscreen is installed, it must be made of nonbreakable, shatterproof materials.

1. Lateral windows
   Free, but it must be possible to remove the front doors or the windows of the front doors from inside the cockpit without the use of tools.
   
   
2. Windscreen wipers, motor and mechanis
   These items are free.
   
   
3. Rear view mirrors
   The vehicle must be fitted with two rear view mirrors, one on each side of the car, to provide efficient views to the rear. Each mirror must have a minimum area of 90 cm2. 
   
   
4. Underbody protections
   
   The fitting of underbody protections is authorised on the following conditions:

• They must respect the ground clearance
• They must be removable
• They must protect only the following parts: engine, radiator, intercooler, gearbox, centre differential, rear differential, driveshaft’s (longitudinal and transversal), subchassiss, suspension parts, steering and exhaust line.

2.2.13. INTERIOR

1. Interior safety

   The cockpit must be designed to ensure the comfort and safety of driver and possible codrivers. No part may present sharp edges or points. No mechanical part may protrude into the interior of the cockpit. Any equipment that could involve a risk must be protected or insulated and must not be situated in the cockpit. The cars must have lateral openings allowing the exit of the driver / co-driver.

2. Inspection hatches

   Inspection hatches are authorised in the bulkheads of the cockpit.

3. Bulkhead

   A leakproof and flameproof bulkhead made of steel or aluminium alloy (minimum thickness 2 mm) or in composite material (minimum thickness 5 mm) is compulsory behind the seats and must be fully in contact with the main rollbar of the safety cage.

4. Protection nets

   Vehicles without side windows must be fitted with lateral protection nets attached to the main rollbar and doors using a quick release system or an articulated window rim. The use of “clip” fixings is recommended. The fixings of the net on the upper part must not be removable without the use of tools. These nets must have the following characteristics:
   • Minimum width of the strips: 19 mm
   • Minimum size of the meshes: 25 x 25 mm
   • Maximum size of the meshes: 60 x 60 mm
   The lateral opening circumscribed by the tubes of the lateral roll bar and the door upper side must be completely closed by the protection nets.

2.2.14. TRANSMISSION

The complete transmission (except otherwise specified) of the standard vehicle must be kept without modification.

A modification is only allowed, in order to de-activate the active systems if necessary.

All the parts must be available, as spare parts, through the Manufacturer’s commercial network.

1. Transmission shaft

   Transmission shafts are free but must be made of steel. In addition, they must be solid and in one piece and the joints must come from a series vehicle.
   
   The transmission shaft location must be identical to the standard vehicle and must respect the following conditions:
   • It may be situated inside or outside the cockpit.
   • The floor of the cockpit must be closed with a metallic sheet, minimum thickness 1.5 mm.
   • The metallic sheet must be securely fixed to the chassis.
     
     

2. The transmission tunnel

   The installation of a transmission tunnel is mandatory if the transmission shaft is located inside the cockpit and can be modified with the following conditions:
   • It must enclose the longitudinal shaft over the complete length of the cockpit.
   • It must be made from a steel sheet of minimum thickness 1.5 mm, or from a steel tube of minimum thickness 3.0 mm.
   • The transmission tunnel must be securely fixed to the floor or the chassis in such a way as to ensure that it cannot be detached during normal use or in case of an accident.
   • The entire surface of the transmission tunnel must be free of any kind of hole, with the exception of the part attaching it to the floor or chassis.
   If fitted outside the cockpit, a minimum of two steel safety straps, of minimum thickness 3.0 mm and minimum length 250 mm, must be fitted to each longitudinal shaft to prevent it from hitting the ground in case of breakage.
   
   Should any fuel or oil tank be close to a longitudinal shaft, it is compulsory that the tank has extra protection in the walls close to the shaft.
   
   

3. Pedal box

   Identical to the standard vehicle but the axis of the pedal box must be situated behind or directly above the axis of the front wheels.
   
   

4. Gearbox

   Modification authorised on the gearbox / differential housing is allowed only to install an additional lubrication system. 
   
   

5. CVT sytem

   Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised. The belt is free provided that it is available as a spare part (reinforced or not) through the Manufacturer’s commercial network. A system for cooling the belt by air is authorised.
   
   

6. Manual or semi automatic or automatic operation control

   Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
   
   

7. Gearshift control

   Gear shift type is free.
   
   The gear shift lever must be fixed on the floor or on the steering column and can be adjustable. If fixed on the steering column the link between the gear lever and the gearbox must not be by cable or electric wires in case of semi-automatic or automatic control.
   
   

8. Cut-off sensor for gear command

   Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised. 
   
   

9. Lubrication

   An additional lubrication and oil cooling device is allowed (circulation pump, radiator and air intakes)
   
   

10. Clutch

    Free, but principle and diameter must remain identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised. 
    
    

11. Control system

    Hydraulic or mechanic or other. Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised. The clutch stop (clutch release bearing) is free.
    
    

12. Master-cylinder and tank

    Master cylinder and hydraulic oil reservoir are free.
    
    

13. Supports for Gearbox / CVT / Differentials

    Supports are free

2.2.15. MINIMUM WEIGHT

No Minimum weight

2.2.16. ENGINE

The maximum cylinder capacity is set at 1200 CC for normally aspirated engines and for supercharged engines. The engine of the standard vehicle must be kept as original without modifications.

1. Positions and inclination of the engine

   Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
   
   
2. Engine supports
   
   Supports are free.
   
   
3. Plastic shields
   
   Engine shields made of plastic material, the purpose of which is to hide mechanical components in the engine compartment, may be removed if they have a solely aesthetic function.
   
   
4. Screws, nuts and bolts
   
   A nickel-based alloy may be used for the fixing of the exhaust manifold to the cylinder head.
   
   

5. Gaskets

   All gaskets are free.
   
   

6. Cylinder

   head gasket Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
   
   

7. Ignition

   The make and type of the spark plugs and leads are free. The use of ceramics for spark plugs is authorised.
   
   

8. Fuel injection system

   1. Fuel rail
      Free.

   2. Injectors
      Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised. 
      
      
   3. Electronic control unit (ECU) and engine control software
      The ECU is free but the electronic control unit must come from a large scale production catalogue or from a competition parts catalogue. 
      
      
   4. Sensors
      Sensors shall be identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
      
      
   5. Actuators
      Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
      
      

9. Air intake system

   1. Air filter
      The choice of air filter element and its position is free. The plenum chamber and the lines between the restrictor / manifold and the atmosphere are free. Engine intake air must not be taken from inside the cockpit and any modifications must not affect the structure of the vehicle. 
      
      

10. Supercharging system

    Identical to the standard vehicle (as homologated for public road)
    
    

11. Pressure regulation valve (waste gate) / System for injecting air into the exhaust manifold

    These parts must remain identical as fitted on to the standard vehicle / no modifications authorised.
    
    

12. Exhaust line

    The silencer(s) exit(s) must be horizontal and situated within the perimeter of the vehicle defined by the chassis, body panels, roll cage and mud flap brackets.
    
    The exits of the exhaust system must be visible from outside. The extremity of the silencer(s) must not pass the vertical tangent of the rear tyres.
    
    The edges of the silencer(s) shall be rounded (straight, sharp cuts are not permitted).
    
    All the exhaust gases (with the exception of the gasses coming from the wastegate) must pass through the silencer(s). Exhaust fumes must be discharged towards the rear but not in such a manner as to raise dust, foul the tyres or brakes.
    
    Only the original (standard) installed exhaust valve systems provided by the manufacturer is authorised.
    
    

13. Heat shielding of the exhaust system

    Heat shielding elements on the exhaust system or on components in close proximity to the exhaust system are authorised, but must be removable.
    
    

14. Cooling system

    The original water pump must be retained.
    
    

15. Coolant radiator

    The position of the coolant radiator is free but forbidden in the cockpit. The fans and their position are free, as are their electric looms.
    
    Hot air shall be directed away from the driver/passenger’s compartment.
    
    

16. Coolant lines

    The expansion chambers are free, provided that the capacity of the new chambers does not exceed 2 litres and that they are not located in the cockpit.
    
    The liquid cooling lines external to the engine block and their accessories are free.
    
    

17. Lubrication system

    Radiator, oil/water exchanger, lines, thermostat, filter and pump strainers are free.
    
    Oil pressure may be increased by changing the discharge valve spring.
    
    If the lubrication system includes an open type sump breather, it must be equipped in such a way that the oil flows into a catch tank (minimum capacity: 1 litre).
    
    The fitting of one or several ventilators for cooling the engine oil is authorised, provided that this does not have any aerodynamic effect.
    
    

18. Oil sump

    Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
    
    

19. Exchanger (intercooler) of the supercharging system

    1. Intercooler
       Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
       
       
    2. Supports and position of the heat exchanger
       Support brackets and their position are free but are forbidden to be placed inside the cockpit.
       
       
    3. Fans for cooling the exchanger
       Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
       
       
    4. Cooling air ducts of the exchanger
       Cooling air ducts are free. 
       
       
    5. Piping
       All pipes between the supercharging device, the intercooler and the manifold are free (on condition that they remain within the engine bay), but their only function must be to channel air and to join various parts together.
       
       

20. Accessories

    Except for the components mentioned in Art. 91.17 Lubrication System, the following accessories must derive from a homologated vehicle engine or from a commercial catalogue and be available for sale to the public:
    • alternator
    • air conditioning compressor
    • air compressors
    • fuel pumps
    • hydraulic pumps
    The number and position of these accessories are free provided that they remain within the engine compartment and/or within the main structure of the vehicle. They may not be placed within the cockpit area. Their method of operation drive systems is free.
    
    Local machining and/or welding of an accessory is permitted for its fitting and/or function.

2.2.17. ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

1. Wiring loom & Fuses

   All wiring loom (using appropriate size and diameter) and fuses are free.
   
   

2. Circuit breakers

   Circuit breakers may be freely changed vis-à-vis regarding their use, position, or number in the case of additional accessories. The general circuit breaker must be a spark-proof model and must cut all electrical circuits, battery, alternator or dynamo, lights, horns, ignition, electrical controls, etc. and must also stop the engine.
   
   At least two circuit breakers must be installed:
   • One inside the cockpit: It must be accessible from inside the vehicle by the driver and the co-driver seated and secured by their safety harnesses
     
     

3.  Battery

   1. Number
      Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
      
      
   2. Type
      The make, capacity and cables of the battery are free. The nominal voltage must be the same or lower than that of the standard vehicle. The minimum weight of the battery is 3 kg.
      
      
   3. Location
      The location of the battery(ies) is free, but the battery must be of the dry type if it is in the cockpit.
   4. Fixation
      Each battery must be securely fixed and the positive terminal must be protected.
      
      Should the battery be moved from its original position, it must be attached to the body using a metal seat and two metal clamps with an insulating covering, fixed by bolts and nuts.
      
      For attaching these clamps, metallic bolts with a diameter of at least 10 mm must be used, and under each bolt, a counter plate at least 3 mm thick and with a surface of at least 20 cm2 beneath the metal of the body panel.
      
      Wet batteries can be used, but must be placed and covered in a leakproof box, attached independently of the battery. The box must be attached independently to the chassis. The securing system must be able to withstand a deceleration of 25 g.
      
      

4. Starter

   1. Location
      Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
      
      
   2. Make and type
      Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
      
      

5. Data acquisition system

   A competitor data recording system is authorised, but only the following sensors are allowed:
   • sensors fitted on the reference vehicle
   • 3 temperature sensors (engine oil, engine water, gearbox or CVT)
   • pressure sensors (1 oil and 1 fuel)
   • 1 engine knocking sensor (only if fitted on standard engine)
   • 1 fuel level gauge for each fuel tank
   • any sensors necessary for the navigation system allowed by the supplementary regulations of the competition
   • wheel speed sensors (maximum 2), only on driven wheels. 
     
     

6. Sensors

   Any radar system, vehicle speed measurement system (except pulse ring on the gearbox), gyroscope, load sensor (except sensor for engine ignition and/or injection cut-off) or restraining gauge is forbidden.
   
   Accelerometers are authorised for data logging only on condition they are built into the dash display equipment. 

7. Transmission of data

   The transmission of data by WI-FI, radio and/or telemetry is prohibited

2.2.18. SUSPENSION

1. Suspension type

   It is forbidden to use active suspension (any system which allows control of flexibility, damping, height and/or attitude of the suspension when the vehicle is in motion).
   
   

2. Wishbones/suspension arms

   Suspension triangle arms are free, but must remain interchangeable with those of the standard vehicle and must be manufactured in steel. No modifications to their respective mounting points on the chassis are permitted.
   
   

3. Joints (wishbones/links and suspension parts)

   Rubber, ball joint, plain bearing, bearings (ball, roller, needle) : free 
   
   

4. Hubcarriers/wheel bearings/wheel hubs

   Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
   
   

5. Connection the hubcarrier and the wishbone

   Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
   
   

6. Springs and shock absorbers

   Only one shock absorber per wheel is authorised. Shock absorbers are free but their mounting points to the chassis must remain identical as on the reference vehicle.
   
   Any adjustment of the springs and/or shock absorbers from the cockpit is forbidden. Adjustment is only possible when the vehicle is not in motion and only with the use of hand tools. The adjustment device must be situated on the shock absorber or its gas reserve.
   
   Any connections between dampers are forbidden, the only connections permitted are the shock absorber fixing points passing through the chassis; these must have no other function.
   
   

7. Springs

   A coil spring may be replaced with two or more springs of the same type, concentric or in series, provided that they can be fitted without any modifications other than those specified in this article.
   
   

8. Antiroll bars / fixings

   Free, but only one antiroll bar per axle is permitted.
   
   The adjustment of the antiroll bars from the cockpit is forbidden.
   
   The antiroll bar systems must be exclusively mechanical, with no activation or deactivation possible.
   
   Any connections between front and rear antiroll bars are forbidden.

2.2.19. WHEELS

The fitting of air extractors on the wheels is prohibited.

1. Rims

   The diameter of the wheel rim is set at a maximum of 15’’.
   
   The rims and bead lock devices must be made of steel or aluminium alloy.
   
   Wheel trims are forbidden
   
   

2. Tyres

   The tires must be off-road type with a maximum diameter of 770 mm (complete wheel) measured at 1,2 [bar] and dismounted from the vehicle.
   
   The use of tyres intended for motorcycles is forbidden.
   
   The fitting of intermediate parts between the rims and the tyres is forbidden. The use of tyre balls or tyre blocks is forbidden.
   
   Only one air valve is allowed per wheel and it must be fixed to the rim by a single hole, which has a maximum diameter of 12 mm and is positioned on the outer face of the rim.
   
   Modifying the tyre is not authorised. It is forbidden to treat tyres with chemicals, cut or groove them, use tyre warmers or any other means which may alter the shape, minimum Shore hardness, construction or other characteristics.
   
   Only tyres normally available from commercial or retail sources are authorised. The tyres shall appear on the tyre manufacturers range catalogue and tyre specification lists available to the general public.
   
   The E approval mark and number as defined by the UN Vehicle Regulation R75 must be present on both the front and rear tyres sidewalls. The DOT approval mark is also accepted.
   
   The maximum gap between two adjacent tread blocks in any plane perpendicular or parallel to the tread is 15 mm.
   
   The maximum height for the tread blocks is 15 mm.
   
   These measures do not apply to a width of 30mm from the sidewalls and on each side. Tread blocks shall not protrude directly from the sidewalls of the tyre.
   
   

3. Fixation

   A bolted “Beadlock” device is allowed.
   
   Central nut wheel fixing is forbidden.
   
   Wheel fixations by bolts may be freely changed to fixations by pins and nuts.
   
   The wheels do not have to be of the same diameter.
   
   Hub and nut protections are permitted.
   
   

4. System for inflating / deflating the tyres

   The use of any system for inflating / deflating the tyres when the vehicle is in motion is forbidden.
   
   The inflating / deflating operation must only be carried out while the vehicle is not in motion. The only system authorised is a system connected to the wheels through a flexible tube during the operation and connected to one valve per wheel.
   
   In order to adjust the tyre pressure, any air going in or out must pass through a conventional complete and unmodified VG5 type valve coming from a series light utility vehicle.
   
   The tube and its inflating manometer may be situated in the cockpit on condition that the operating pressure is lower than 10 bars.
   
   The system may be fed by a 12V electric compressor and/or by compressed air bottles.
   
   
5. Compressed bottles
   
   If the system to inflate the tyres is composed by compressed air bottles it must follow these restrictions:
   • Maximum capacity 3 litres each
   • The mountings must be able to withstand a deceleration of 25 g
   • Must not be situated in the cockpit.
   • Must be positioned transversally in the vehicle
   • Secured by at least two metal strap each
     
     
6. Spare wheel
   The vehicle must be fitted with minimum one, maximum 2 spare wheel, free positions.

2.2.20. BRAKING SYSTEM

1. Control system

   The pedal must normally control all the wheels and it is activated and controlled only by the driver. It includes at least two independent circuits operated by the same pedal (between the brake pedal and the callipers, the two circuits must be separately identifiable, without any interconnection other than the mechanical braking force balancing device).
   
   The pressure is identical on the wheels of the same axle, with the exception of the pressure generated by the handbrake. 
   
   

2. Brake disks

   All the wheels must have a brake disk. The discs must come from a series vehicle or from a catalogue of competition parts. Their maximum diameter is set at 290 mm. 
   
   

3. Callipers

   The callipers must come from a series vehicle or from a catalogue of competition parts with a maximum of 4 pistons. Mounting spacers for brake callipers is free
   
   

4. Master-cylinders and tanks

   Free
   
   

5. Proportional valve

   Free
   
   

6. Pedal box

   Original / No modification allowed 
   
   

7. Handbrake

   Free.
   
   If the original vehicle is fitted with a handbrake, the function must be kept. 

2.2.21. STEERING

1. General

   The link between the driver and the wheels must be mechanical and continuous.
   
   4-wheel steering is prohibited.
   
   

2. Steering wheel

   The steering wheel may be removable from the steering column through a quick release mechanism. This mechanism must consist of a flange concentric to the steering wheel axis, coloured yellow and installed on the steering column behind the steering wheel.
   
   The release must be operated by pulling the flange along the steering wheel axis. Push buttons and switches may be fitted.
   Padding in the form of 60-240 g/m2 material, with a minimum thickness of 40 mm, must be fitted on the steering wheel over a minimum surface of 20 000 mm2 (200 cm2) to protect the driver’s face. 
   
   

3. Steering mechanism

   Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
   
   

4. Steering mechanism position

   Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
   
   

5. Steering rods / Steering joints

   Free but must be interchangeable (without modification) with those of the standard vehicle.
   
   

6. Steering column

   Free but if the reference vehicle is must be fitted with an unmodified OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) energy absorbing device, it must be kept (without modification).
   
   The locking system of the anti-theft steering lock must be rendered inoperative. 
   
   

7. Support / steering column

   Free.
   
   

8. Power steering

   Identical to the standard vehicle / no modification authorised.
   
   

9. Oil cooling

   Oil radiators, as well as a system for circulating the oil without generating pressure, are authorised.
   
   

10. Oil tank

    Free.

2.2.22. FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

1. General

   All vehicles must be fitted with one or two manual fire extinguishers. It must be possible to activate the fire extinguishers by the occupants or by fire/rescue services
   
   The following information must be visible on each extinguisher:
   • Capacity
   • Type of fire extinguisher
   • Weight or volume of the fire extinguisher
   • Date the fire extinguisher was checked, which must be no more than two years after either the date of filling or the date of the last check, or corresponding expiry date.
     
     

2. Permitted fire extinguisher

   AFFF, FX G-TEC, Viro3, powder or any other fire extinguisher homologated. 
   
   

3. Minimum quantity

   • AFFF 2.4 litres
   • FX G-TEC 2.0 kg
   • Viro3 2.0 kg
   • Zero 360 2.0 kg
   • Powder 2.0 kg
     
     

4. Pressure

   All extinguishers must be pressurised according in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions except for powder extinguishers with a pressure of 8 [bar] minimum and 13.5 [bar] maximum.
   
   Furthermore, each extinguisher when filled with AFFF must be equipped with a mean of checking the pressure of the contents. 
   
   

5. Location

   At least one of the extinguishers must be easily accessible for the driver and the co-driver(s), seated normally with safety harnesses fastened and steering wheel in place.
   All extinguishers must be adequately protected. The container may also be situated in the luggage compartment on condition that it is at least 300 mm from the outer edges of the bodypanel in all horizontal directions.
   
   

6. Fixation

   It must be secured by a minimum of 2 screw-locked metallic straps and the securing system must be able to withstand a deceleration of 25 g.
   
   Furthermore, only quick-release metal fastenings, with metal straps, are accepted. The material of the securing system must operate within the -15°C to +80°C temperature range.
   
   

7. Pipes

   Plastic pipes are prohibited and metal pipes are mandatory (unless specified otherwise).
   
   

8. Triggering

   The means of triggering must be marked with a letter “E” in red inside a white circle of at least 10 cm diameter with a red edge.
   
   

9. Nozzle

   The injector nozzles shall be free of sharp, sharp contact and its nozzles shall not be facing towards the occupants. 
   
   

10. Safety pin

    The extinguisher safety pin must be removed before starting for the selective sectors, easily visible and marked with a red tape of 20x200mm. This procedure will always be checked by the stewards at the start as well as at any other time during the qualifying sections. Failure to comply with this safety procedure will result in penalties to be set by the jury.

2.2.23. LIGHTS

1. General

   The lighting equipment must be approved according to the ECE R38 road standard (or an equivalent or stricter standard from another country).
   
   The lights must be constantly switched on during the running of the selective sections.
   
   All the lighting equipment must be maintained in perfect working order throughout the entire duration of the competition.
   
   

2. Mandatory lights
   

   Each vehicle must be fitted with at least:
   • 2 headlights (combined passing lights/headlights)
   • 2 front lamps 80
   • 2 rear lamps and number plate lighting
   • 2 stop lights with a minimum surface of 50 [cm2 ]
   • 4 flashing indicators, two at the front and two at the rear
   • Distress lights (Warning)
   • 2 additional red rear fog lamps twinned or placed side by side with a minimum height of 1.25 [m] from the ground attached to the outside of the vehicle.
     
     

3. Additional lights

   Two additional headlights may be fitted, provided that they are not situated more than 250 mm above the base of the windscreen.
   
   They may be housed inside the supports of the external rear view mirrors.
   
   The two headlamps and the additional lamps must be located in front of the axis of the front wheels, at a maximum height corresponding to that of the line of the bonnet/bottom of the windscreen (8 lamps maximum).

2.2.24. DRIVER AND CO-DRIVER EQUIPMENT

The compulsory clothing equipment per occupant is: fire retardant suit, fireproof boots, hood and fireproof gloves.

The use of Head and Neck Support “HANS” or alternative homologated Frontal Head Restraint “FHR” system (including the helmet) is compulsory. It is not allowed to drive without the use of these mandatory elements the race. 

1. Helmets
   The helmets must conform to the following standards:
   • SNELL SA 2010
   • NELL SAH 2010
   • SNELL SA 2015
   • SNELL SA 2020
   • SFI – 31.2A Full face design